Hazrat Khyzr Mosque in Samarkand
Hazrat Khyzr Mosque
The Hazrat Khyzr Mosque is one of the ancient architectural monuments and significant spiritual sites in Samarkand, Uzbekistan. Recognized as the first mosque built in the city after the arrival of Islam, it holds a prominent place in the religious and cultural heritage of the region. Its hilltop location offers visitors breathtaking views of Samarkand merging into the distant horizon, making it a picturesque stop along the Silk Road.
Historical Background and Reconstruction
Throughout history, Hazrat Khyzr has been highly revered by the people of Samarkand. Even during the hardships of the 17th century, marked by economic challenges and poverty, the mosque continued to attract numerous visitors, reflecting its enduring spiritual significance. Inscriptions carved into marble stone inside the mosque date one of its reconstructions to 1854, marking a significant moment in its architectural history.
Originally, the mosque was part of a larger pilgrimage circuit that included other prominent spiritual sites such as the Mausoleum of Khoja Doniyor and the resting place of Kusam ibn Abbas. Visitors entering from the porch veranda step into the interior chamber, which features a square khanakah (prayer hall) flanked by small hujras (cells) on either side, with a mihrab adorning the western wall. The veranda underwent significant reconstruction in 1899, and the western entrance is believed to have been built during the same period. The gate inscription marked "1917" indicates further reconstruction work on the entrance and minaret at the start of the 20th century.
Architectural Details and Local Craftsmanship
The mosque’s interior and exterior showcase remarkable craftsmanship by local artisans under the guidance of master Abulkodir Bokiyev, whose work spanned the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Intricate patterns and wood carvings decorate the mosque, contributing to its unique aesthetic appeal and reflecting the artistic traditions of Samarkand.
During Uzbekistan’s years of independence, the Hazrat Khyzr Mosque underwent three significant restorations initiated by President Islam Karimov. These efforts have ensured the preservation and revival of the mosque’s architectural beauty and cultural significance for future generations.
Modern Restoration and Surroundings
Recent renovations have included the reconstruction of the minaret, entrance hall, terrace, khanakah, and the addition of new structures such as two-sided staircases and a takharatkhona, the ritual washing area essential in Islamic practice. The surroundings of the mosque were also transformed with the creation of a garden and pedestal area, enhancing the overall aesthetic and visitor experience.
The historic Arsis well next to the mosque has been cleaned and restored, while the stone stairways leading up to the mosque, the surrounding stone walls, and the subterranean channels designed to carry away rainwater have been meticulously repaired. The mosque’s dome has also been returned to its original design, preserving the iconic silhouette that has characterized the mosque for centuries.
Entrance fee: 2.5 USD